How to achieve peace in Pakistan Essay Example for Free

How to achieve peace in Pakistan EssayPakistan was founded. Pakistan was built to fulfill the needs of the Muslim community by providing them equality, Justice and freedom. However, soon enough it failed to fulfill the promises it had made to its society thus instableness, restlessness and wretchedness reigned done erupt the nation. Achievement of peace in Pakistan is actually the propensity of every follow Pakistani or at least a huge studyity of them. To devise a proper strategy we need to probe and understand the causes f unrest and chaos in Pakistan. Factors causing disturbance in Pakistan can be categorized in internal and external factors. Internals factors lie of social, economic, political and administrative whereas external factors be related to regional instability and international so-called war on terror involving Kashmir, Iran, Afghanistan and Baluchistan. For achievement of peace and stability we need to address the huge gap between haves and have nots. Firstl y socially, there seems to be a huge gap between the different classes deep down the country.A large majority when sees a small minority enjoying a very luxurious life style they naturally rebel and resort to flagitious activities to become rich overnight. We can say this is a poor vs. rich tension, which disturbs the peace of society in various ways such as offensive and justice breaking. Secondly, politically, in Karachi different political parties have armed wings. Karachi being the biggest city has greater influence. Respective political leaders protect crimes of members of these gangs.While political leaders re enjoyingi government position at the same time they are patronizing criminals, murderers, target killers, extortionists and land grabbers. Thirdly, economically, Karachi being port city and major economic hub affects Pakistan. One day of strike and unrest in Karachi costs billion of rupees to national exchequer. Lastly, on the administrative side, law enforcement age ncies are plagued by corruption. They are packed with cronies of influential people along with lack of proper training and sufficient resources.In some cases sources of trouble and unrest outnumber civil law nforcement agencies. Furthermore criminals are able to get relief from tax and justice procedures. They can even intimidate eyewitnesses and thus obstruct dispensation of Justices. This further erodes confidence of common on the prevailing system and thus increases unrest and instability. Therefore, to achieve peace we need to address all these issues immediately. The first step should be to break the fierce cycle of illiteracy, poverty and disease by providing educational and health facilities and equal Job opportunities on merit.We have to uplift standard of general public through a fair system based on social Justice by educating general public through print and electronic media about the responsibilities and rights of a citizen. Law enforcement agencies need to be revamped by selecting officers and cadres on merit, proper training and equipping them with latest equipment and technology and where necessary paramilitary forces can be use to assist them. A fair and speedy Justice system, which ensures that troublemakers are taken to task without ny delay, should be formed.Similarly, on the international front we have to get out of Afghan war. We should not allow proxy wars to be fought in our territory. In KPK and Baluchistan political reconciliation is required since administrative measures alone have failed to give desire results. To sum up, peace in Pakistan cannot be achieved in bullet but a set of social, economic, political and administrative system could help our country to piecemeal move towards the right path and a path towards stability.

Hindustan Motors Limited Analysis

Hindustan Motors Limited AnalysisHindustan Motors Limited is ancestor to all(prenominal) auto manufacturing companies of India. It was established in 1942 forward Indias independence. It was a flagship troupe of C.K. Birla group. Initially participation had a small assembling plant at Port Okha, Gujarat. main(prenominal) purpose was to reduce transportation cost because all parts were imported from irrelevant companies. Later it was shifted to Uttarpara, West Bengal ascribable to cheaper tender materials and cheap labor cost. This later resulted in one of the to the extravagantlyest degree successful motor auto of India the embassador.Apart from the ambassador Hindustan Motors Limited has been active in proceeds of various types of passenger cars, trucks and multi utility vehicle.Hindustan motors collaborated with Mitsubishi motors, Japan and introduce mid size premium fraction cars such as Mitsubishi Lancer, Lancer select and Lancer Cedia. The comp each brought outgro wth sports utility vehicle to India which was Mitsubishi Pajero. Besides passenger cars (Ambassador, Grand, and Avigo), Multi Utility Vehicles (Trekker, Porter, and Pushpak) and the RTV, Hindustan Motors also manufactures passenger cars in the mid size premium segment (Mitsubishi Lancer, Lancer Select, and Lancer Cedia) and has brought in Sports Utility Vehicle (Mitsubishi Pajero) into the Indian foodstuff place in collaboration with Mitsubishi Motors, Japan. Comp any(prenominal) made collaboration with General Motors and their joint venture produced Bedford trucks and Vauxhall motors during eighties and nineties. The compact became 50-50 when General Motors bought Hindustan Motors plant at Halol, Gujarat in 1999.After almost seven decades Hindustan Motors is still actively contributing in countrys automobile market. Its manufacturing facilities be established in Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. Hindustan Motors motto is quality, safety with environmental cargon. It h as been providing total solutions for client care.Executive SummaryC. K. BirlaHe is the chairman of the Board of Hindustan Motors LTD. He has a immense experience of business as he has been a successful industrialist since decades. Along with the chairmans post he serves as an independent non executive director of Hindustan Motors LTD.Manoj JhaHe is of late promoted as a Managing Director at Hindustan Motors LTD. He is an executive vice president of engineering division and member of the management board. He studied hi engineering from Ranchi University.Yogesh GoenkaHe is a chief financial officer, compliance officer and lodge secretary. He did Bachelor of commerce as well as AICWA, ACS, MBM. objective lens OF THE COMPANYMain objective of the fraternity is to stick out an automobile with comfort and safety. The corporation has collaboration with international companies such as general motors, Vauxhall motors and Mitsubishi motor suggests that confederation has always been th riving for technology. Still the familiarity is checking for development and technological enhancement to overcome recent declining in its sell. According to the chairman of Hindustan Motors the gild main(prenominal) objective is to increase the marketing of their works by improving its managerial structure. The company is aspect for juvenile and affordable point of intersection which enkindle boost up their selling.Main purpose of this project paper is to study much or less declining of their once most successful model the ambassador.The Product- The ambassadorThe ambassador model was based on Morris Oxford model which was fabricate in Cowley by Morris motors. Initially Hindustan motors started the harvestingion of Land master in 1954 near Uttarpara plant Kolkata. This led to harvest-tideion of ambassador in 1957. and then 1957 rout out be counted as e year when ambassador first came into existence. The ambassador was pass oned to be best suited to harsh Indian t errain thats why it became rattling popular. AT that time it was said if you want to guide comfort have an ambassador.Till 1980s in that respect were only two Indian cars available in Indian market ambassador and padmini. Due to its comfort and ability to sustain weighed down blows on harsh terrain ambassador captured almost 70% of the Indian automobile market.It is to be noted that ambassador was once called the limousine of India because all politicians, famous businessmen prefer to have ambassador. It was a status symbol because of its proud behavior.It is nameless that till 2001 the ambassador remain popular in taxi segment because it was said that the ambassador has ability to sustain shock during motor accident punter than any some other car available at that time. The credit goes to the manufacturing department of ambassador because the chassis of ambassador was such rigid that it coffin nail bear heavy blow from front as well as from side and rear.Till 90s India was sellers market means customer had to wait for a long time to outsmart the product. Take an example of BAJAJ scooter, during 80s the condition was if son wants a scooter than father should apply for that so that after a long time son can be able to drive it. Well it is an exaggeration but the conditions for automobile market were very bad especially for a saucily-fangled company to starting line in because government had laid very harsh rules on fo reign over companys entry and imported material became very costly.This give ambassador a preponderant position for a few decades with some extraordinary features as discussed above and the ambassador succeeded to maintain it for a long period.Decline-The product is in decline during goal decade and the gross revenue are fall it is surprising for such once successful model. To find out the products recent condition PORTER model abstract and SWOT analysis have been carried out as shown below.PORTER model analysis-Against new entran ts such as Maruti Suzuki, Honda, Ford, Hyundai etc the company failed to compete and continued with their living scheme. It has plant that after the year of 2000 the product has been in decline the table below gives its detail.As shown in the table despite of increasing number of automobiles in India the selling of ambassador is continuously decreasing.The company failed to cop up with on handout circumstances such as in guinea pig of suppliers it failed to judge the pace of the persistence and it remained slow in comparison of others.The company remained stick to only one brand means they didnt have varieties of products. The ambassador was available with nearly the same features without its existence. While Maruti Suzuki which has become the largest car manufacturer of India implemented various products having various features which made the company growing in call of profit and selling.Companys market deal out has been decreased due to internal rivalry among union and man agement.SWOT analysisStrengthAmbassador was the first car produce by an Indian company. It became a huge success story as well. at that place was a time when ambassador was exported to the countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri lanka and Myanmar. It was exported to Middle East countries as well.Due to its long reign in India Company has a broad network of service centers. It consists of 115 strong dealers, 50 parts dealers and 60 additional exclusive parts dealers.In 2006 the company has invested huge amount to establish production capacity for its product part.As stated earlier the image of ambassador as a car is still strong in Indian customers mind as trustworthy vehicle in all terms.WeaknessesThe model hasnt been changed much since its first appearance. A customer involve change with improvement in outer look as well as its performance. As far as performance is concerned the ambassador is OK if compared with the modern cars. In content of look, its not at all attractive or i mpressive for younger generation.The company came to manufacturing when government rules were tough for any outsiders. As stated earlier Indian market at that time was sellers market. Low volume high price is all that Hindustan motors gave to its customers.When the laws were made liberal and new companies jumped into Indian market the company didnt make considerable changes for manufacturing process which couldnt cop up with new crave.Ambassador is the most dominant among all products of Hindustan motors. However new customers want safety with send away efficiency. Ambassador promises safety but it was not fuel efficient when compared to modern cars.The employees were not efficient due to union problems which were a result of improper human resource management.Though the company had made several tie ups but later on when required to obtain new technology it lacks global export markets.OpportunitiesThe ambassador is still recognized as the most comfortable car.Old age people prefer to have ambassador than any other car due to its impressive record against accidents.The company can modify the same car and it can make it more fuel efficient to attract middle kinfolk.There are examples of such long reigning cars. Take an example of Volkswagen beetle which was introduce in early 40s and its production continued till the beginning of 21st century. Volkswagen has achieved this by continuously changing the design and internal features. Same is needed to be done in sideslip of ambassador as well.ThreatsEmployees are not motivated enough to their job faithfully.More and more new companies are coming to India as it is becoming a giant market for automobile industry. Every companys aim is to provide the most fuel efficient and trustworthy car.According to company ambassador has been designed and manufactured over the years in such a way that it is almost difficult to change its features.It is most important to see how company has implemented the trade flow strategy to its product so that it is declining.4 PS OF MARKETINGProductAmbassador the first Indian car manufactured in India. The most successful car of Indian automobile history.Figure AmbassadorThe ambassador has a powerful 5420 cc engine, heavy axles, hydraulic brakes and bigger suspensions. in the beginning considering the ambassador first of all it is required to bang what company should be looking for when they introduce their product.For whom it is manufacturing its product?How much benefit they are expecting?Which position going to be the best for their product?What is their product offering that others is not?When the ambassador was launched the company was fully aware that only rich people would be buying their product therefore they provided all facilities that were present at that time. Also ambassadors have been used by ministers as well so for them there were special models having certification implements such as bullet proof glass.The company was fully aware of what it go ing to achieve because at that time there was no competition and the market was open to it.Price set is another important element of marketing mix. determine brings money back to the company and companys profit depends on it. other tercet Ps depends on price it is easy to understand that remaining P require cost. Product needs cost from early design to manufacture. Placing means diffusion also needs cost. Promotion also requires cost. These costs are variable cost to the company. Pricing to be perfect must show supply and demand transactionhip. Pricing a product too high or too low cause qualifying to the company therefore it should lie in between. There are different factors which should be considered as shown below.Fixed and variable costsCompetitionCompany objectivesProposed positioning strategiesTar consume group and willingness to payIn case of ambassador Hindustan Motors has used Product Line Pricing i.e. For the same product the company has set different prices for diff erent features.PlacePlace strategiesPlace strategies entangle the ways of dispersal by the manufacturer. The manufacturer should have a clear idea roughly the market. The manufacturer should be aware of the demand and accordingly it should provide the supply. These demand and supply should be balanced properly because in a condition where supply is less than demand, the customer dissatisfaction in acquiring the product results into firing for the company. In most conditions the customers starts favor other companies product though they are not as better. Therefore just because of improper supply the company missed its good will.There are mainly two kinds of placing strategies. The manufacture may go through any one of them depending upon which suits it the most. As shown in figure in one strategy there isnt direct contact between manufacturer and the customer in this case the company doesnt need to carry out surveys for demands all it needs to do is maintaining proper supply t o the whole seller. However in this case the company may not come to know about what the customer wants and this leads to misinterpretation of customer need due to confirmative contact having so many a(prenominal) extra elements in between. This problem can be removed by maintaining direct contact of the company with its customer as shown in figure. In this case the manufacturer directly supplies its products to the customer. But this needs a wide distribution network by the company which is costly depending upon the size of the company.First channel of distribution is called indirect distribution and second channel of distribution is called direct distribution.indirect distributiondirect distributionFigure Above indirect distribution (left) and direct distribution (right).The ambassador has been distributed by indirect distribution method thats the reason why in later years the company fails to recognize the customers need.Depending on the type of product being distributed there are tercet common distribution strategies available scatteringAccording to the nature of the product there are few distribution strategies as shown below.Intensive distribution As the name suggests this distribution is high in numbers and widely spread. It generally doesnt need the survey as the products are common and general. Example chocolate, soft drinks, biscuitExclusive distribution Some products are there which need proper demonstration and guidance so that customer can be made fully aware of what he is paying for. These products are highly prices. Example Cars, bikes etc.Selective distribution This kind of distribution consists of wide space where customer has a freedom to have a look and select a product from wide varieties. Example TV, computers etc.Hindustan motors have used exclusive distribution method over the year which is common for any car manufacturer.PromotionPromotion means advertising the product. A product without promotion is a complete failure as through th e promotion the customer comes to know about the product. There are different promotion strategies as shown below.Advertisement Advertisement can be said as a non face-to-face promotion activity through media.Public relations Good relations with the customers as well as media persons make the promotion easier as in this case company doesnt need to do anything.Sales promotion Company can give vouchers or coupons to attract the customer. Discount scheme, free scheme are examples of sales promotion.Personal selling Door to door selling or personal to personal selling comes under this category.Promotion of ambassador comes under the public relations as due to its image as a successful car the media and people has been promoting it over the years. The company has never or barely used advertizing or sales promotion.RECENT CONDITIONCompanySales during 2010 (million Rs.)Hindustan motors5802.7Maruti suzuki296230.10Swaraj Mazda7167.60Mahindra and Mahindra186021.10Table Comparison of sales w ith other companies(Source http//bseindia.com/bseplus/StockReach/AdvanceStockReach.aspx?scripcode=500500)It can be seen from the figures that at present the company is far female genital organ from market leaders like Maruti Suzuki and Mahindra and Mahindra.CRITICAL ANALYSISCritical analysis of this particular project requires thorough cause of marketing mix strategy. To give personal views about anything first of all one should make himself familiar with the subject. Thats exactly what I did. Before starting the project I went through on line papers and explanation about the marketing mix strategy. I found that though everywhere the concept to be used was marketing mix but its death penalty was different. Like All roads lead to Rome all of them were leading to the success of their company by successful implementation of marketing mix strategy. During the lectures I heard the tutors aspect about getting into marketing mix by doing a practical experiment. It is explicit that the y were not saying about establishing a new company of implementing a marketing mix strategy actually. Its about taking any company and than putting my own ideas about marketing mix strategy into motion. The same thing has been done by me during this assignment. I have selected a company the product of which is in decline since three or four years. I carried out analysis based on what was taught to me. at present I am going to give my personal opinion about marketing mix strategy and its implementation.In the beginning it is important about the lever offered by the company to its customers. I have selected the oldest Indian automobile company named Hindustan motors. The product which I considered was ambassador car. The product has been successful until last two decades than it started declining due to the factors which I have discussed earlier.So what is respect?In general the value can be defined as the ratio of swear out to the cost. Any company can increase the value of its p roduct by increasing its function and decreasing its cost. Functions may vary accordingly such as it may be visual appearance, comfort, promising performance etc. It seems simple to increasing value by increasing function or by decreasing cost but actually it is the most important and complex feature for any manufacturing company to be succeeded. A customer always judge the product by the value offered from it. Sometimes it may be more functions sometimes it may be less costs. The company should be therefore aware of what customer wants from its product. If company knows the value expected from the customer it tries to make some changes into the product in terms of functions or cost. This is not an easy task because the company has to make some changes in its manufacturing process and sometimes within the organization. One wrong step can lead to complete contradict outcome and leads company to the loss.According to Devst the value creation process is more effective in manufacturing company than other sectors (Deyst, 2000). Other sectors include service sectors such as an airline company, insurance company where the company provides service instead of the product. It appears that these service sectors change their goal and direction more rapidly than the manufacturing sectors. Therefore value creation process is not as important for them as it is for manufacturing companies.For manufacturing companies final value of the product depends on value of the product during its manufacturing process. In other words according to Lean development of product and final value of the product are strongly related with each other (Lean, 1998). Thus the value should be defined after each phase of the product development process. However creation of value at each spirit level requires severe value addition to move ahead of the competitor.There are few who think that value creation process cant lead company towards its goal. According to Lloyd value creation doesnt indicate the vision of the company. Value is nothing quite a than a conceptual idea. I dont agree with that because I have found during the research for this particular company that defining value is the most important factor to attain marketing lead. Hindustan Motors failed to attain value in terms of appearance and fuel efficiency of ambassador when other companies were launching new products into the market. This leads to decreasing sales of ambassador. The company didnt make proper market research and they continued to do the same over the past years. The outlook of the ambassador is the same as it was 40 years ago. The ration of function to cost became unstable due to decreasing functions of the car. In terms of price also the car was costly as company was making limited production and failed to grasp new concept of high volume production for low price and high profit.From my research of old papers and publications I found one thing in common. Most of the authors consider marketing as an a rt of selling. However now day marketing is becoming more than an art. It has become a necessity. Without marketing selling the product is impossible. Now days lots of companies are spending more and more money on marketing their product. The marketing value of the product is sometimes higher than the manufacturing and raw material value.It is strange that Hindustan Motors took the marketing strategy very lightly. According to me the main reason is when they came into existence they didnt have any competitors all they need to do is manufacturing and selling of the car. As I have stated earlier before 80s Indian automobile market was sellers market which means manufacturing companies have the command on the market not the customers. Having customers command on the market is essential otherwise the development stops. The same thing happened, ambassador remains the same car as it was when it was first introduced. Hindustan Motors didnt promote the car because as a single Indian car it was already famous. Distribution was not that much difficult because car owners were few. The price of the ambassador was relatively high because those who needed the car didnt have another option. Also the government rules on importing the components were harsh and company was paying high prices for them. It seems obvious what the company did during those years. But when the scenario changed during 90s the market became open to all the government rules became soft and lots of other car manufacturers jumped into the Indian automobile market. This was the time when the ambassador should have changed its strategies. However they didnt make considerable changes on the other side new companies like Maruti Suzuki got the nerve of an Indian customer and introduced cheapest car in the market. Due to this drastic change once giant Hindustan Motors has become a company in loss with one of its most successful car an ambassador in decline. fantastic FOURThe four Ps of marketing which should be studied and understood in a proper way to attain success. During the project I came to know that balancing these four is not an easy task as it seems. Any cannot pick the product randomly, it cannot sell it in the price it wants, it cannot distribute the product whenever and wheresoever it decides and it has to promote its products such a way that customer attracts to buy it.I have considered all four Ps including my understanding about them,ProductPricingPlacingPromotionProduct An initial P for any company to think about. It seems strange to consider which product to be made for marketing. As per my previous understanding marketing comes into picture after selection of product. This was true in old times. But now a days company should be keen towards the product it is going to manufacture. The market condition , market surveys future of the product, availability of the raw materials, environment effect of the raw materials are some of the important factors to be considered before the start of manufacturing the product. I think right product at right time removes half of the troubles for marketing. Take an example of ambassador it arrives in the market when there were no competitors. As a result it dominated the market for decades. Due to proper timing and place Hindustan motors saved their expenses for promotion. They didnt promote it ever i.e. since my childhood I have never seen an advertisement of ambassador or huge posters promoting the car. Ambassador got promoted by its customers which is ideal for any product. Sometimes good product becomes a loss for the company when it launched at improper timing. There are so many examples of excellent movies which didnt succeed on the box office due to adverse conditions.Pricing Pricing of the product is non variable factor for the company. The company decides the price of any product after considering other Ps. The expenses during the product stage i.e. manufacturing and raw material expenses. Expenses due to dis tribution and promotion also considered. The company adds its expected profit as well. Pricing is the most deciding factor because as I think many manufactures are not aware of the ideal price and the customers always think that they have paid more. This dissatisfaction leads to decreasing sales and loss of the company. I think that before pricing the product the company should make a proper survey and it should make the customers fully aware of what they are buying and how much they will get after paying the price. I have seen three kinds of customers,Those who care about price onlyThose who care about quality onlyThose who care about balancing the price and qualityThese customers are generally from three different classes, those who are looking for price are generally relatively poor, those who are looking for quality are rich and those who select the product after looking at price and quality are middle class people.Depending upon the nature of the product the company can make ch anges in its product. In case of ambassador the companys initial target was rich people because the middle class of India was not in a condition to buy a car. The company provides good quality with comparatively higher cost but it got the customers from India who was looking for the quality. When the era changed and middle class customers increased who now were in a condition to afford a car changed the situation of the market completely. Failing to see this upcoming Hindustan motors fell behind the Maruti Suzuki because of higher price.Placing Placing according to me is a strong decider for the products success. A product should be distributed such that it gets perfect conditions for it. Ideal customers, ideal geography can be considered as conditions which the company should be looking for. I think that company should be clear and perfect about the product distribution. It involves lot of investment to carry the product from the manufacturing plant to the market. It is economicall y critical to change the place by distributing the product from one place to another. Thats why I think that for placing also the company needs proper survey in order to distribute the product at right place on right time.Promotion Advertisement is becoming net necessity for selling of the product. Modern market is complex with so many products and companies. It is required therefore for any company to promote the product in a way that customers know about the features of the product. Promotion should be maximum and precise, or I can say it should be concentrated heavily on its target. The company should be aware of the targeted customers and market and should therefore emphasize heavily on them. If it is improper than company will be investing heavily in idle activities. Without promoting or improper promoting the product leads to heavy losses as can be seen in case of ambassador. When it was launched it didnt have any need of being promoted. As a first Indian automobile it was a lready famous so the company didnt have any need to promote it and company did the same as well. But when as I have discussed later the market changed there was immediate need of promoting to show the new customers what the car is and why it was so successful. The company failed to do so and product sell decreased.CONCLUSIONAfter making a project report on the declining ambassador car I can say that with changing time the company should focus on the ongoing conditions as well as it should be prepared of future. Same strategy habit work for all time in all kind of situations. Customers, environment and competitors change accordingly and company should be looking for continuous improvement rather than remain satisfied from the present. Ambassador is an excellent example of how once market leader can go into loss due to improper marketing strategy by the company.

Economic Man Or Homo Economicus Business Essay

Economic Man Or Homo Economicus Business EssayJob pattern is a term that is widely used in the management of to mean solar days modern agreements structure as a strategy to increase their dineroability and productiveness. Daft, et al., 2010 It is mainly concern with the process of supplying, context of use up and organizing systematic tasks within the system of rules according to the organizations take and employees capability. In order for the strategy to be effective and efficient, management do the responsibility to their employees and explains how the implementation process of their organization become arrangement go out be in their management system. (DuBrin, 2008)Virtual organization is an association that exists but cannot be physically seen by the naked eye. Its a concept that changed in line with the current vast developments. (Burn, J., et al., 2012) The virtual organization is very flexible and responsive because it does not necessarily require an office to oper ate but the existence of this virtual organization can be felt and experienced throughout the chore process. Thurow (2011) states that employment processes refers to the networking system used along the production process which conducted virtually through the way of communicating using electronic devices as the main telecommunication form. concord to Parker, Craig and Craig (2008), matrix structured organization has the advantage of giving the opportunity for the top management to develop their skills in conducting and managing project-based strategy as well as gaining experience. It besides practices a decentralization decision-making system that encouraging improvements of employees self motivation level as they have the chance to make decisions and act independently. Matrix structure organization also creates the flexibility of cross-communication system in exchanging information and ideas among the team members from different departments which can helps on saving time and cos t. ( Gido and Clemens, 2008)Chain of command function as an organization system that showing how the operational and management within the organization works in a systematical manner to ensure efficient flow of work activities. It clarifies the organization reporting system between the subordinates to their superior which resulting as the unity of command. (Madura, 2007) According to Lunenburg and Ornstein (2011), it signifies the continues line of authority from the top managerial position to the lowest levels of an organization that showing the distinctive status, roles, responsibility, and the rights inherit in varies positions of the organization itself. dubiety 14Maslows need theory consist of physiology necessarily, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs. each(prenominal) level must be completely fulfilled before moving on to the next level. (Robbins, 2009) Physiology needs refers to our physical needs. Safety needs are needs of safety and secu rity. Both levels are the low-order needs that can be satisfied internally. The high-order needs that can be satisfied internally are the social needs that seek for love and affection, then the esteem needs that refer to the needs of self-esteem and lastly the self actualization which is the needs of becoming fully matured human. (Shajahan, 2007)Question 7Scientific management mainly focuses on the application of scientific method of study and also analysis into a problem which excrete during management. Scientific Management basically referring on understands what one wants his subordinates to do and see it to be done efficiently and effectively. (Sahni and Pardeep, 2010) According to Murugan (2007), among the principles of scientific management are erudition not rule of Thumb, scientific training and development of workers, close cooperation between employees and manager, equal division of works and also responsibility, maximum prosperity of employer and employee and mental rev olutions.Question 15Hackman and Oldhams Job Characteristics Model consists of five characteristic such as skill variety which means variety increases when overcome new problems each day and implementing various skills in completing tasks. Secondly, task identity, where employees working cognitive processs is acknowledgeable. Third, task significant is where an employee contributes positive result to the company. Fourth, autonomy is where the employees are given the freedom in planning while carrying out tasks. Lastly, the feedback where there will be an evaluation on employees performance in order to improve any deficiency. (Daft and Marcic, 2010) The application of these characteristic may increase the productivity and produces more motivated and productive the employees.Question 13 metric ton and Charnov states the Expectancy Theory of motivation was proposed by Victor Vroom, a business school professor. The theory is more on the individual goal which focuses more on outcomes an d their expectations while achieving it. (Jex and Britt, 2008) Employees are able to receive rewards according to his or her performance while working. The theorys method will keep the employees motivated at all times as they hold their personal expectations of the rewards. (Montana and Charnov, 2008) The expectancy of increasing effort by the employees will lead to the increment of performance which will increase the productivity and positive result.Question 10According to Wright (2010), Hawthorne studies were first attempted by Elton mayonnaise showing how lighting affected the employees working performance. But it shows that the physical conditions of the workplace do not influence the performance or motivation. In his finding, taking avocation in all individual was enough to increase their work efficiency and output. Hence, the Hawthorne Experiment continues to show its result from time to time. Companies which value their employees ideas and opinions will result a higher stand ard of achievement. (Wong, 2010) This will also increase the ability and self esteem of the employees. Thus, increase their performance and productivity while working.Question 12Montana and Charnov (2008), states the theory of X and Y was proposed by Douglas McGregor. In theory X, managers will assume that their employees are less ambitious, less responsible, dislike their job and prefer to arrest for instructions rather than to lead a task. Managers with theory X are stricter and may threaten their employees to motivate them. But manager who holds the theory Y will assume that the employees are more responsible, willing to do work, more creative and self-directed. Thus, in theory Y the managers will not control much on their employees because they believe that employees are capable to perform well. (Shermerhorn, 2011)Question 16The effectiveness of an organization internal communication can be improved through creating assemblage site on social websites such as Facebook and Twitt er for discussion related to a matter. (Heath, 2005) Furthermore, any perceptions and ideas proposed by the employees should be considered and not being excluded in order to improve good relationship with other teamwork. Next, employers and employees should also instill proactive attitude to ask when in doubts related to a matter in order to avoid conflicts and distorted message. Lastly, employees should be train on communication skills to improve their self-esteem and communicating potential. (Quirke, 2012)Question 5Public sectors are basically a bureaucratic government-based organization which normally focusing more on providing services to public rather than making profit. (Lienert, 2009) A simple example of a public sector organization is the government hospitals. The organization emphasizes more on accommodating the health service to the community by providing free to low-cost medical checkup aid. However, privates sectors are non-government owned organization and runs on the main motive on making profit. (Rees and Porter, 2008) For example, supermarket such as Tesco and Carrefour in Malaysia are operated by private enterprises and not the government.Question 6Planning stage is one of the functional approaches involved in the management process. According to Schwalbe (2006), it concerns activities such as setting goals and objectives of the work in an effort to keep it on track throughout the operation process. Next step would be, create and considering relevant strategies to achieve goals effectively. At last, the terminal step is simulating plans to coordinate and objectify activities in various possible ways it can succeed. (Lewis, et al., 2006) Within this stage, it requires a lot of critically thinking creativity and forward-looking aspects from that individual to come out with a radical and quantum ideas.Question 9Fordism is a term that was named after an American entrepreneur Henry Ford which was the let on of Ford Motor Company. (Schhlosser an d Simonson, 2009) Fordism is a philosophy of manufacturing that being conducted based on the Taylorism theory that emphasizes in machine and efficiency of employees working performance. Fordism philosophy aimed to increase the productivity and reduce costs by adjusting output, set the installation process in phases, and dividing the work into small tasks according to employees expertise. (Blyton and Jenkins, 2007) The effectiveness of the philosophy enables an organization to maximize their profit and performance.Question 11Personality is an influential matter that affecting a persons decision. It is developed through their education, ways of socialization and nurturing since they were a child.

Importance Of Communication Of Nurses Nursing Essay

Importance Of Communication Of Nurses Nursing EssayCommunication involves the exchange of messages and is a growth which all separates assorticipate in. Whether it is with spoken word, written word, non- communicatory means or even silence, messages be constantly being exchanged between individuals or groups of mass (Bach Grant 2009). All behaviour has a message and conversation is a process which individuals stick outnot avoid being involved with (Ellis et al 1995).In nursing practice, chat is necessity, and good intercourse skills are paramount in the development of a therapeutic hold up/patient relationship. This aim of this essay is to discuss the richness of communication in nursing, demonstrating how effective communication facilitates a therapeutic soak up/patient relationship. This allow for be achieved by providing a definition of communication, making reference to models of communication and explaining how different types of communication skills whoremas ter be utilize in practise.In stage to engage in meaningful communication and develop effective communication skills, nurses must engage in the process of reflecting on how communication skills are employ in practise. Reflection allows the nurse prospect to gain a deeper insight into soulal strengths and weaknesses and to address whatever areas of concern in order to improve coming(prenominal) practise (Taylor 2001). A further aim will be to reflect on how communication skills acquire been utilised within nursing practise. Various models of coefficient of reflection will be examined, and a ruminative account of a face-to-face experience which occurred during placement will be provided using a model. This reflective account will involve a description the incident, an digest of thoughts and touch sensationings and an evaluation of what has occurred. Finally, the reflective account will let in an motion plan for a uniform blank space, which whitethorn arise, in the fu ture day.Communication involves entropy being sent, received and decoded between devil or more people (Balzer-Riley 2008) and involves the use of a number of communication skills which in a nursing context generally focuses on listening and giving information to patients (Weller 2002). This process of displace and receiving messages has been described as both simple and complex (Rosengren 2000 in McCabe 2006, p.4). It is a process which is continually utilised by nurses to convey and receive information from the patient, co-workers, others they take into contact with and the patients family.Models of Communication.The Linear Model is the simplest form of communication and involves messages being sent and received by two or more people (McCabe 2006). Whilst this model demonstrates how communication occurs in its simplest form, it fails to consider other factors impacting on the process. Communication in nursing practice can be complicated, involving the conveyance of large amount s of information, for example, when providing patients with information relating to their care and sermon or when offering wellness progress advice.In contrast, the Circular Transactional Model is a two way approach, ack straight offledging other factors, which act communication such as feedback and validation (McCabe 2006). Elements of this model are also contained in Hargie and Dickinsons (2004) A Skill Model of Interpersonal Communication which suggests that successful communication is focused, purposeful and identifies the following skills person centred context, goal, mediating process, response, feedback and perception. It also considers other aspects of the individual and the influence these may nurture on their approach to the process of communication (McCabe 2006).For communication to be effective it is important for the nurse to key out key components, and intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which may affect the process (McCabe 2006). They must consider factors such as past personal experiences, personal perceptions, sentence and the setting in which communication occurs. Physical, physiological, psychological and semantic noise may also influence the message, resulting in misinterpreted by the receiver (McCabe 2006).Communication skills.Communication consists of verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication relates to the spoken word and can be conducted face-to-face or over the telephone (Docherty McCallum 2009). Nurses continually carry with patients verbal communication allows the nurse luck to give information to the patient astir(predicate) their care or treatment, to reassure the patient and to listen and respond to any concerns the patient may fork out (NMC 2008). Effective communication is beneficial to the patient in terms of their satisfaction and understanding, of care and treatment they have been given (Arnold Boggs 2007), while at the same time optimising the outcomes or care and/or treatment for the patient (Kennedy- Sheldon 20 09).Questioning allows the nurse to gather further information and open or closed moves can be used. Closed questions usually require a yes or no response and are used to gather the necessary information, whereas open questions allow the patient, opportunity to make for an active role and to discuss and agree options relating to their care as set out in the wellnesscare Standards for Wales document (2005). Probing questions can be used to explore the patients problems further thus allowing the nurse to treat the patient as an individual and develop a care plan specific to their individual take (NMC 2008).It is vital that the nurse communicates effectively, sharing information with the patient some their health in an understandable way to ensure the patient is fully informed about their care and treatment and that consent is gained prior to this occurring (NMC 2008). The nurse should also listen to the patient and respond to their concerns and preferences about their care and wel l-being (NMC 2008). In nursing, listening is an inseparable skill and incorporates attending and listening (Burnard Gill 2007). Attending fully focusing on the other person and being apprised of what they are trying to communicate and listening the process of hearing what is being said by another person are the most important aspects of being a nurse (Burnard 1997).Non-verbal communication is a major factor in communication, involving exchange of messages without words. It relates to emotional states and attitudes and the conveyance of messages through remains language body language has seven elements gesture, facial expressions, gaze, posture, body space and proximity, touch and dress (Ellis et al 1995). Each of these elements can reinforce the spoken word and add meaning to the message it isnt about what you say or how you say it but it also relates to what your body is doing while you are language (Oberg 2003). Patients often read cues from the nurses non-verbal behaviour, w hich can indicate interest or disinterest. Attentiveness and forethought to the patient can be achieved through SOLER S sit squarely, O Open posture, L learn towards the patient, E eye contact, R relax (Egan 2002). at that place must be congruency between verbal and non verbal messages for effective communication to be achieved. Non-verbal communication can contradict the spoken word and the ability to recognise these non-verbal cues is vitally important in nursing practice (McCabe 2006), for example, a patient may verbally communicate that they are not in pain, but their non-verbal communication such as facial expression may indicate otherwise. It is also important for the nurse to be aware of the congruency of their verbal and non-verbal communication. Any discrepancies between the two will have a direct influence on the message they are giving to patients, and may jeopardise the nurse/patient relationship.Other factors may affect communication in a negative way, endangering the process, and nurses must be aware of internal and external barriers (Schubert 2003). Lack of interest, poor listening skills, culture and the personal attitude are internal factors, which may affect the process. External barriers such as the physical environment, temperature, the use of jargon and/or technical words can also negatively influence the process (Schubert 2003).Reflection.To fully assess the development of communication skills the nurse can make use of reflection to gain a better insight and understanding of their skills (Siviter 2008). Reflection can also be used to apply theoretical knowledge to practice, thus bridging the gap between opening and practice (Burns Bulman 2000) and allows us opportunity, to develop a better insight and awareness of our actions both conscious and unconscious in the situation. Reflecting on yields that take place in practice, allows opportunity not only to think about what we do, but also to consider why we do things. This stand by s us to learn from the experience and improve our future nursing practice (Siviter 2008). Reflection can be described as either reflection in action occurring during the event, or reflection on action which happens by and by the event has occurred (Taylor 2001) and is choked by a model, which serves as a framework within, which the nurse is able to work. It is usually a written process, and the use of a reflective model uses questions to provide a structure and guide for the process (Siviter 2008).Reflective Models.There are numerous reflective models that may be utilised by the nursing professional, for example, Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988), Johns Model of Structured Reflection (1994) and Driscolls Model of Reflection (2002). Gibbs model (Appendix I) has a cyclical approach, consisting of six poses per cycle that guide the user through a series of questions, providing a structure for reflection on an experience. The first stage of the process is a descriptive account of the sit uation what happened? Followed by an analysis of thoughts and feelings in the second stage what were your thoughts and feelings? The third and fourth stages involve an evaluation of the situation, what was good and/or bad about the experience and an analysis allowing us to make sense of the situation. The last two stages are the conclusion of the situation, what else could have been done and finally an action plan to prepare for similar situations, which may arise in the future (Gibbs 1988).Similarly to Gibbs Reflective Cycle, Johns Model of Structured Reflection (Appendix II) and Driscolls (Appendix III) model of reflection promote learning through reflection. They have similar structures, which guide the user through the reflective process. Johns Model incorporates four stages description, reflection, alternative actions and learning (Johns 1994) and Discolls model has three stages a return to the situation, understanding the context and modifying future outcome (Discoll 2002). Th e three models described all have similarities in that the user is guided through the reflective process by describing the event, analysing their thoughts, feelings and actions and making plans for future practice. Considering the models of reflection described, the next component of this essay will make use of the Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1998) to provide a reflective account of a situation which I experienced during clinical placement in a community setting.Reflective Account.As part of this placement, I assisted my mentor, a health visitor, in the grooming of a baby club for parents with babies and pre-school children, which takes place on a weekly basis and involves routine checks, such as baby-weighing, in addition to opportunity, for parents to socialise and opportunity for health visitors to provide information relating to the care and health of babies and children.During the second week of this placement, I was asked to assist in the delivery of a forthcoming health promotio n session relating to dental health. I have chosen this event as a basis for my reflective account as I feel that health promotion is an important area to consider. It enables individuals to play a pivotal role in their own health (Webster and Finch 2002 in Scriven 2005) and is a means by which plus health can be promoted and enhanced alongside the prevention of nausea (Downie et al 2000). It gives clients the knowledge to make informed decisions about their health and prevention of illness and is an area in which the nurse or healthcare professional plays a key role (WHO 1989).Description of the event.The event occurred during a weekly session at baby club that takes place in a community centre. My mentor (Health Visitor) and I were present along with a group of ten mothers and their babies. As this event took place during a group session, I will maintain confidentiality (NMC 2008) by not referring to any one individual. Consent was gained from all clients prior to the session c ommencing, in line with the NMC Code of Conduct (2008) and the environment was checked to ensure it was appropriate and safe for the session to take place.The aim of the session was to promote good dental health and oral hygiene amongst children and babies. Standard 1 of the Standards of Care for Health Visitors (RCN 1989) is to promote health, and the session aimed to provide clients with relevant, up-to-date information, thus allowing them to make informed choices about the future care of their childrens teeth. Chairs were set out in a semi-circle with a number of play mats and various baby toys placed in the centre. This allowed parents opportunity to interact in the session, to listen to the information and ask questions while at the same time being in close enough proximity to their children to respond to their needs. The Health Visitor and I sat at the front of the semi circle facing the group. I reintroduced myself to the group and gave a brief explanation of my role and the part I would play in the session. This was important some of the clients were meeting me for the first time, and it is during this initial contact that judgements are made about future interactions, and the service being provided. Positive initial interaction can provide a good foundation for a future beneficial relationship (Scriven 2005). The session was broken cumulus into two parts information giving, focusing on the promotion of dental health and prevention of illness in the form of tooth decay (Robotham and Frost 2005). Secondly, information relating to tooth brushing was given along with a demonstration undertaken by myself that showed the clients good oral hygiene could be achieved through effective tooth brushing. A question and declaration session followed which allowed us to clarify any issues raised.Feelings and thoughts.In the week, preceding the session it was important for me to consider a systematic approach to the planning of the session. The first stage was to g ather relevant, up-to-date information relating to the subject and plan how it could be incorporated in the session. The NMC Standards of Proficiency (2004a) states that nurses must engage in a continual process of learning and that evidence-based practice should be used (Bach and Grant 2009). The plan was discussed with my mentor and advice was sought about any adjustments which may be necessary.Prior to the session, I was apprehensive about delivering a health promotion session to clients (patients). I as I felt out of my depth as a first course student and my anxiety was exacerbated further as this was my first placement. However, support and encouragement from my mentor and other health visitors in the team helped me to relax. I was given the opportunity to discuss the topic with my mentor and was relieved when I was able to respond to any questions asked in an appropriate manner and that my knowledge had been increased through the look into I had undertaken, thus boosting my confidence.Evaluation.Despite my initial reservation about my knowledge of the subject and apprehension at delivering a health promotion session, I feel that my mentors decision to include me in the delivery of the session benefitted me greatly in the development of my knowledge and self confidence. During the session, I feel that I communicated well verbally with clients and that my non-verbal communication was appropriate and corresponded to what I was saying. The clients were focused on the session and seemed genuinely interested, nodding when they understood and showed attentiveness by making regular eye contact. Feedback from clients after the session also allowed me to reflect on my communication one of the clients stated afterwards that she had gained a lot from the session particularly the demonstration relating to tooth brushing and was now more aware of the importance of early oral hygiene to prevent problems later in the childs life.Analysis.Dental Health is a key Health progression target in Wales and is the most prevalent form of disease amongst children in Wales. Many of the participants were unaware of when and how childrens teeth should be cared for and the importance of ensuring good oral hygiene from an early age. The aim of the session was to provide information to parents as a means of promoting good oral hygiene and prevention of tooth decay in babies and tender children. In order for the aim to be achieved, communication was a key element. Effective communication in a group can only be achieved if there is trust, participation, co-operation and collaboration among its members and the belief that they as a group are able to perform effectively as a group (Balzer-Riley 2008). The information was provided in a way that was easily understandable, a demonstration of how teeth should be brushed was given, and time was allowed for the clients time to ask questions. Communication and listening skills allowed us to put out what knowledge the c lients already had, and enabled us to adjust the information to meet the needs of the clients. Throughout the session, I was aware of my non-verbal communication and attempted to show attentiveness to individuals in the group, using the principles of SOLER I made the necessary adjustments. At times, this proved difficult as trying to lean towards the clients and maintain eye contact with each individual was not possible in a group situation.My anxiety about delivering the session was also an area which I had some concerns with. Nervousness can have an influence on how a message is delivered, and I was constantly aware of my verbal communication, particularly my paralanguage. I have a tendency to speak at an accelerated rate when I am nervous, and was aware that this may influence the way in which the message was being received. It is important to be aware of paralanguage in which the meaning of a word or phrase can change depending on tone, pitch or the rate at which the word(s) is spoken. Paralanguage may also include vocal sounds which may accompany speech and which can add meaning to the words being spoken (Hartley 1999).Throughout the session, I was aware of my verbal and non-verbal communication, and I tried to ensure that it corresponded to the information being given I was also aware of non-verbal communication of the participants and made appropriate adjustments to my delivery when demandConclusion.After the session had finished, I was given an opportunity to discuss it with my mentor. I was able to articulate what I felt had gone well, what hadnt gone quite as well and what could be improved. I noted that I was very nervous about delivering the session despite having the knowledge and understanding of the subject and felt that this may have been noticed by the participants. However, feedback from my mentor allowed me to realise that my nervousness was not apparent in my delivery. By undertaking this reflection, I have been able to question the exper ience and analyse my actions and behaviour, as a means of developing my knowledge for future practiceAction plan.This session has helped with my learning and personal development and I now feel more confident in my ability to deliver health promotion activities in a group setting. I am, however, aware that speaking in a group setting is not an area I am very comfortable with but further practice will help alleviate this. I am confident that I will be able to use the knowledge gained on the subject of dental health in my future placements. In the future, I will repeat the process of thorough research, as it is best practice to keep knowledge up-to-date in order to provide care based on evidence (NMC 2008).Summary.In summary, communication is a complex process and an essential skill which the nurse must be aware of in every aspect, of care and treatment they give to patients. A full awareness of not only the spoken word, but also the influence non-verbal communication has on the messa ges being communicated, is essential in the development of a therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient. The process of reflecting upon practice is also an essential element of knowledge development. After consideration of a number of reflective frameworks, the use of Gibbs Reflective Cycle as a structure for creating a reflective account has proven to be beneficial in the exploration of personal thoughts and feelings in relation to a specified event and I recognise the importance of reflection as a learning tool that can enhance knowledge and practice.

Essay --

Final Examination(2) Discuss the three surfacees to retention valuation. What is the process of each? When might it be better to use one start out over the other?The three approaches to property valuation are comparable gross sales approach ( securities industry data approach) income approach and cost summation approach. Comparable sales approach is determined by using recent sales of similar properties to the one being surveyed. This estimates true property prize by comparing the property that is in question to others that have been recently sold and then making the adjustments as needed. The idea is that you need to find market areas that have relative or same economic status. Once this process is done then you can group the parcels in different categories, i.e. size, year it was built, the size of the lot, etc. The book says that the property that is not sold is compared to similar property that a market value can be observed and then infers a value. (LJJ, 155) It is comm on in jurisdictions to assess parcels as a percentage or fraction of the full market value. In theory it does not make a difference if the full value or fractioned value is assessed, the outcome should be the same. When using fractional assessment you need to use a higher tax rate than using market value assessment. This seems to make taxpayers more comfortable but can lead to problems if different fractions are used in the same jurisdiction. Another problem is that this approach requires a large number of sales and can be time consuming if done annually or for the first time. This approach is great for residential properties.The income approach converts the future returns from ownership of a parcel into their present value equivalent. This approach can be done by c... ...edit of the issuing government. This non-guaranteed bond is okay by a certain business-like government activity and not a larger government entity that has taxing powers. Some revenue bonds can have note intere st rates than obligation bonds. If for example a water district with a excellent history of borrowing may have a discredit interest rate than a general obligation bond with a declining property tax and low personal income. (LJJ, 492) Unlike obligation bonds these types of bonds generally do not need or require a popular vote and are repaid by the users f the service. This means that no tax dollars are flat used which is considered a good thing. The more costly of the two bonds are revenue bonds because they generally have higher interest rates. If there was a evasion on the general obligation bonds then taxes would have to be raised which is less popular.

Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Essay -- Steinbeck Mice Men Essays

Of Mice and Men by John SteinbeckRelationships are essential in everybodys life. Having no realfriends makes life dull, dark and lonely. Loneliness is a big theme inOf Mice and Men, George and Lennie are set apart from Slim, Crooks and dulcify. They have something unique a special bond with each other. Eachcharacter influences, plays a consumption to the other characters.Steinbecks portrayal of the mens relationship seems minimal, but isin fact monumental.The setting of Mice and Men takes place on a ranch where George andLennie meet Slim, Candy, Crooks, Carlson, wavy and Curlys wife.Although the story takes place over a three-day span, all thecharacters make a relationship with one another. One relationship isbetween George, Candy and Lennie. Candy a lonely man, is pressuredinto having his dog shot he confides in George about his regret. Inreturn, George tells them of their dream. Now they have a bond, andshare a goal that is within grasp. Candy is a true friend he helpsduring a c risis in a minute you come out and tell the guys abouther, and Ill co...

Perfection :: Personal Narrative Teaching Papers

PerfectionI lack to capture this moment. I subscribe to paint a conceive of so that many years from now, when my adventures are long since over, when I have no occasion but my memories to look back on a life played out as a student trying to understand the intricacies of different cultures, I can recall this brief moment in my life. When I am anile and gray and am waiting for the light of my life to expire, I can read this and truly feel the same thing I am tincture right now. I need to hold on to this memory. Im 23 years old and very ofttimes al cardinal in a country that is non my own, where faces do not look similar mine, where every assign I go I am stared at because I am the oddity in the everyday pattern of life. Im always conscious of myself, of my every step, hold outing that whatever I do or put superstar acrosst do, whatever I say or dont say, someone is judging me, my character, and my country because of my actions. Its not an easy way to live. But, in th at location is one place in this culture where I feel like I am home, where I inadequacy to hang when I just want to fit in with the rest, where people dont stare or gawk at me because I am a white face in the middle of Korea. I run to the girls high school where I teach English. I enter the walls of Jung Ang Girls eminent School and I know that I am where I belong for the time being, that no matter what, I will not feel like the outcast of society. In Korea, this is the place that I can truly call home. Teaching at an all girls high school in the middle of Jeju Island, South Korea is one of the best things that has happened in my 23 years of existence. Everyday I watch my students progress, not only with their English ability, but also with their understanding of the world. Everyday I teach them about the wonders of the world, never focusing too much on all things American because we are just one country in the world. What they need to learn from me is not how we celebr ate Halloween, Thanksgiving, or Christmas.Perfection Personal Narrative Teaching PapersPerfectionI need to capture this moment. I need to paint a picture so that many years from now, when my adventures are long since over, when I have nothing but my memories to look back on a life spent as a student trying to understand the intricacies of different cultures, I can recall this brief moment in my life. When I am old and gray and am waiting for the light of my life to expire, I can read this and truly feel the same thing I am feeling right now. I need to hold on to this memory. Im 23 years old and very much alone in a country that is not my own, where faces do not look like mine, where every place I go I am stared at because I am the oddity in the everyday pattern of life. Im always conscious of myself, of my every step, knowing that whatever I do or dont do, whatever I say or dont say, someone is judging me, my character, and my country because of my actions. Its not an easy wa y to live. But, there is one place in this culture where I feel like I am home, where I want to run when I just want to fit in with the rest, where people dont stare or gawk at me because I am a white face in the middle of Korea. I run to the girls high school where I teach English. I enter the walls of Jung Ang Girls High School and I know that I am where I belong for the time being, that no matter what, I will not feel like the outcast of society. In Korea, this is the place that I can truly call home. Teaching at an all girls high school in the middle of Jeju Island, South Korea is one of the best things that has happened in my 23 years of existence. Everyday I watch my students progress, not only with their English ability, but also with their understanding of the world. Everyday I teach them about the wonders of the world, never focusing too much on all things American because we are just one country in the world. What they need to learn from me is not how we celebrate Halloween, Thanksgiving, or Christmas.