Incarceration on Canadas Economy essays

Detainment on Canadas Economy expositions Detainment on Canadas Economy On some random day of the week in Canada, there are around 13 000 individuals in government prisons and 19 000 in commonplace correctional facilities. Detainment is utilized when a guilty party must be expelled from the general public it disregarded for the security of the countrys decent residents. Canadian citizens and the administration need the expense of detainment to be diminished. Jail is the most costly punishment the Canadian government offers to wrongdoers and is attempting to discover various options in contrast to imprisonment and is attempting to offer progressively instructive and work programs that will permit prisoners to procure employments when they have carried out their punishment and are discharged. It costs Canadas government and citizens a lot of cash to house crooks in their prisons. In 1999-2000, the all out bill for working the grown-up government and commonplace remedial framework was $2.4 billion. The expense of keeping a detainee imprisoned in a government prison is about $67 700 every year. This looks at to roughly $29 900 for an asylum and $14 500 to administer a prisoner on parole. Canadians are confronted with two decisions. We can oblige the United States and assemble more jails and spend a greater amount of the financial plan, or use choices of imprisonment on generally safe guilty parties that can be securely and viably oversaw in the network. There are a wide range of options in contrast to detainment that will spare the citizens a lot of cash. There are a wide range of types of options in contrast to detainment. Compensation permits judges to arrange the guilty parties to remunerate the casualties for property misfortune and individual wounds. This, for self-evident, reasons isn't utilized much since most hoodlums are not affluent people. Compensation perceives the colossal money related effects that wrongdoing can have on casualties and guarantees that pay as a major aspect of ... <!

Scholarship Essays For College Students - Writing Scholarships For College Students

Scholarship Essays For College Students - Writing Scholarships For College StudentsAre you interested in writing scholarship essays for college students? With a little help from an online teaching resource, you will be able to accomplish this goal. As a matter of fact, writing this type of essays is very important and can mean the difference between getting a scholarship and not getting one. Read on to learn about some of the important considerations that should be in place.First of all, if you are a college student who is in need of money for college, then there is probably a scholarship available to you. This is because most colleges and universities are now on the lookout for students who are good in writing and people who are committed to pursuing their education. A college education is one of the most important goals that anyone could ever have. It will provide you with your future and provide you with employment in the future after graduation. There are scholarships available f or all different types of academic pursuits that you can do in college.The next thing that most college students are concerned about is to find ways and resources that they can use to help them in their scholarship essays for college students. This can be a little difficult to do as there are thousands of scholarships and grants that are available to help you in this regard. However, the first thing that you must do is to go online and look for some sources of scholarship writing materials.You may want to start with a couple of personal resources that you have access to. Examples of these sources include a book of college essays and other college resources that are available online. The book of essays is actually quite valuable in this regard, as it can provide you with many ideas and strategies to help you in this regard. You will also want to look for college research books that are available that will show you how to write an essay.This may seem like an unnecessary step, but you will need this information if you want to become a good writer. Many scholarships require essay writing to be included in the requirements and because of this, you will want to use resources like this to be able to write quality scholarship essays for college students. Now, if you are not sure about how to use the resources available to you to help you write quality scholarship essays for college students, then the best thing that you can do is to search for these types of resources online.Some of these sites may even provide you with a free trial membership. This will give you access to their many scholarship writing programs and online resources. The benefit of using these resources is that they will give you all of the training materials that you need to write scholarship essays for college students. You will also have access to the ability to search for any resources that you need without having to worry about spending money.Once you get to this point, you will be able to write scholarship essays for college students that are polished and perfect. You will know exactly what to write and when to write it. You will know how to create a convincing argument and how to provide good examples to support your argument. You will also be able to effectively present your point by being able to cite sources and include your own research.You will also be able to write scholarship essays for college students who are motivated to obtain a college education and who are good writers. When writing these types of essays, you will also be able to give specific examples to support your main argument. While writing scholarship essays for college students, you will find that it will be much easier to achieve this goal if you use some of the online resources available.

Electronic Commerce on Business Expansion

Question: Examine about the Electronic Commerce on Business Expansion. Answer: Presentation: The idea of electronic trade thought of the progression of PCs and the requirement for quick exchange in business. It implies the manners by which selling and purchasing of merchandise and enterprises can occur by utilizing the web (Shaw et al. 2012). At first this idea of electronic business rose up out of an entirely unexpected viewpoint. The requirement for moving assets starting with one record then onto the next and starting with one bank then onto the next gave the banks the possibility of EFT. These days, electronic trade assumes a critical job in business. The term appeared into the business jargon since 1970s. The significance of this strategy has been depicted all through this report. In todays world, it is difficult to maintain a business at the national level without the utilization of present day data innovation and PCs ( Bharadwaj et al. 2013). To dissect the significance and effect of web based business in the business world this report has taken up Australias well known online business site named Kogan. At that point this report attempts to discover the manner by which web based business has been utilized in Kogans plan of action. At that point it has been attempted to give some procedure that can help in executing electronic medium in the business appropriately (Gettler 2013). Finally the report attempts to discover any way, if conceivable, that may assist the organization with expanding its business outside the domain of Australia and into the worldwide market. Life-cycle stage and its relationship with Kogans business: The average plan of action features a few phases through which any business goes during its course of activity. The stages are known as life cycle stage (Yakuel 2015). The existence cycle stage incorporates a nitty gritty investigation of the companys development directly from the hour of arranging, fuse, the underlying phases of development of the sites the phases of extension and furthermore the last stage where the organization sees a decrease in their business either because of different contenders or because of the workers leaving the organization (Xue, Niu and Yu 2015). In this report the three significant phases of life pattern of site in particular the phase of introduction, phases of connection and the phases of web based business has been depicted completely as for the picked web based business website Kogan. Presentation Stage: The manner by which any organization features their business at the underlying beginning up level is known as presentation in their business. Electronic medium has been the quickest and least expensive path through which an organization may effectively mark its items in the market. The expense of notice in customary strategy is nearly higher than the expense of electronic commercial. The expense of distributing a commercial in a news paper is higher though the promotion connects just to those individuals perusing that specific day by day (Decker and Erasmo 2016). On other hand if commercial is done through electronic channels it will connect with more individuals as in todays world all the individuals are normally occupied with some work over the web. Our picked online business site Kogan was first propelled in the year 2006 by Ruslan Kogan. The organization sells it items legitimately to the purchasers with no delegates and is presently the main online store of Australia. At present inside a range of just a long time since its dispatch the organization has had the option to cook and convey for in excess of 3,000,000 items to their purchasers. It has been uncovered in the market since its origin and consequently the organization has just crossed its introduction stage in web based business (Wittmann and Reuter 2013). Association Stage: The phase in business where the individuals or shopper gets legitimately engaged with cooperation with the organization is collaboration stage. Under this stage the site isn't utilized for direct exchanging reason however for correspondence reason. A two-way correspondence is set up in this phase between the shopper and purchaser. Individuals can think about the administration of the organization in subtleties through the companys site (Li and Karahanna 2015). Kogan has prevailing in this phase of business. Through their site individuals gets all around educated about the different help that the organization gives. A look into their site is sufficient for individuals to comprehend that the organization is a retail dealer of pretty much every item that a purchaser may require. The landing page itself makes individuals mindful of the various arrangements that are accessible for them. The page titled as Contact Us gives the purchaser an extension to post any questions and have an immediate connection with the organization. After this communication the organization attempts to extend their business by means of internet business. Phases of E-trade: Online business is the last stage in business where the genuine exchange between the purchaser and the merchant happens. Under this stage, the purchaser contacts the vender by utilizing the web. They place their requests online through the companys site and gets their item conveyed at home. Then again, there is the phase of E-business where the web has been utilized to re-plan and incorporate the business. The two phases, in particular E-Commerce and E-Business are frequently covered and viewed as a solitary stage in the business advertise (Mohapatra 2013). Australias prestigious web based business organization Kogan has been effectively exchanging the market for almost 10 years. They have had the option to utilize the web productively in propelling their items and featuring them in their sites. They have partitioned their landing page into a few segments out of which the segment named Shop by Department encourages individuals to discover their reasonable items as indicated by their area of expertise like food supplies, electronic devices, dresses to be named as not many. From this segment individuals picked their required items and it gets conveyed at their doorstep. Individuals can pay the organization during the conveyance time or already by utilizing their cards. In a manner the fluctuated technique for installment has helped the individuals to buy more products regardless of whether they don't have fluid cash at home. Online business Strategy and assessment of Kogans web based business: The sole motivation behind web based business is to exchange products and enterprises by an organization. As per Australian Business information, in the year 2015 the retail deals of Australia surpassed $50 billion. It has been seen that online business in Australia exceptionally the portable trade has been developing by a wide margin by practically 40% per annum. There are a few procedures that an organization must take so as to be effectively maintaining their business through online entryway. Scarcely any such web based business techniques have been talked about here and the notable retail location Kogans online business has been broke down on that premise. The couple of steps to web based business marketable strategy are: Strategic: this procedure the organization at first attempts to set an objective for its business. It attempts to comprehend the qualities that the client may provide for the business (Persson, Fridolfsson and Holst 2016). Methodology: The system part attempts to compose the manners by which the organization is going to move in the way of doing the business. Innovation: The different advancements that the organization intends to use to offer support to the individuals is seen through this stage. The organization can utilize messages, sms, online gateways and even portable applications to contact clients of various age gatherings. Partner: Stakeholders are the accomplices of the organization who encourages them to push forward in the business. They ought to be distinguished appropriately for being effective in business. Commitment: This piece of the technique causes the organization to modernize their administration as indicated by the need of the client. Audits are taken from the client after they have been presented with various merchandise of their decision (Cavusgil et al. 2014). There are scarcely any more advances that any organization regardless of their commitment in web based business and all in all trade ought to organize and actualize as a piece of their marketable strategies. These are: Aims and legitimate plan of action, an away from of the destinations of the business, a plan of action to meet the goals, promoting, the board of the business and social occasion substance, ease access to various advancements and stages and upkeep of the business and anticipating future improvement. Likewise there is a need of incorporating the market under one-rooftop with the goal that individuals don't have to visit other site for expending some other stuff (Decker and Erasmo 2016). Alongside these couple of different things that falls under the actualizing procedures are keeping up an appropriate stock and supply of items with the goal that individuals never face delays in accepting their requests. They ought to be permitted to cover their tabs in various modes wit h the goal that they never face any prevention in purchasing items and furthermore they ought to be dealt with appropriately after the buy happens also. Keeping up an appropriate merchandise exchange and a made sure about installment portal is completely required for web based business. Based on the standards, Kogans plan of action has been attempted to comprehend. As per Ruslan Kogan, the CEO organizer of the organization expressed that so as to support in the market there is just a single law and that is to stay in front of the rivals in the market. The crucial the business is to serve the whole Australian with their items and to extend themselves in the worldwide market (kogan.com/au/get in touch with us/2016). They have effectively utilized the online business systems to extend their business. Their system is to convey convenient assistance to clients and keep them upbeat. In doing so they required an appropriate stock. These days, they are improving their administration by utilizing algorithmic strategies and procedures through which the entire exchange can be made mechanizing. As per Tess Bennett, individuals are currently increasingly hesitant to go through their ends of the week with relatives instead of visiting the stores without anyone else. However on ot her hand they expect quick conveyance administration of their items and Kogan has been fruitful in such manner (Bennett 2016). Additionally t

Breast Cancer Research Diagnosis With Treatment

Breast Cancer Research Including the Diagnosis with Treatment Ellie A. Rider New Castle Career Center Health Science Education Mrs. Talbott December 2, 2014 Author Note Ellie A. Rider, Health Science Education, New Castle Career Programs. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Ellie Rider, Health Science Education, New Castle Career Programs, New Castle IN, 47362. Contact: erider2015@gmail Abstract This paper will explain to you an in depth description of an illness that has taken several lives: Breast Cancer. Not only will it inform you about what it is, but also how it is diagnosed, the process the disease goes through, what body systems are affected, signs and symptoms, how it is treated, and the prognosis. My information was located on the internet by using credible sources in order to create and accurate report over the illness. I used websites such as breastcancer.org and nationalbreastcancer.org for accurate results with credible sources. I selected this topic because I know of several women who have suffered from this disease. As a woman, I think it is important to be educated on this particular type of cancer since it is so common in women today. This paper will give an idea of how common it is and the risks every woman has of acquiring breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research Including the Diagnosis with Treatment Breast Cancer is hideous form of cancer in the breasts that affect mostly women but can also affect men. It isShow MoreRelatedHuman Epidermal Growth Factor ( Her2 )1153 Words   |  5 Pagescontrol the growth and spread of certain cancers. Breast cancer is defined as HER2 positive (HER2+) when there is an extremely high level of HER2 receptors present within the cancerous tumour of the breast tissue (Macmillan, 2013). 1.2 Aims and objectives This report aims to give an overview on breast cancer focusing on the HER2+ sub-type of the disease; it includes an overview of aetiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. It will also include how the advancesRead MoreThe Ethical Phenomenon Of Breast Cancer Screening And Treatments867 Words   |  4 Pagesboth the BRCA1 and BRCA 2 gene mutations and choosing bilateral mastectomies for early-stage breast cancers (Weintraub, 2015). Oncologists saw a 50% increase for risk-reduction mastectomy surgery related to the â€Å"Jolie Effect†. The impact of an actress, known for her beauty, to willing risk her body image to increase her lifespan survival has philanthropically advanced the issues surrounding breast cancer. Racial Cultural Williams, Templin, and Hines (2013) identified that some populations groupsRead More Women Coping with Breast Cancer Essay1688 Words   |  7 PagesCoping with Breast Cancer Coping has been closely connected to stress; it involves a process by which a person attempts to restore balance in response to a stressful life event (Henderson, Gore, Davis, and Condon, 2003). The most common cancer among Canadian women in 2010 is breast cancer. An average of 445 Canadian women will be diagnosed with breast cancer and an average of 100 Canadian women will die of breast cancer every week (Canadian Cancer Society, 2010). Coping with breast cancer has beenRead MoreBreast Cancer Develops From The Breast Tissue1216 Words   |  5 PagesBreast Cancer Breast cancer develops from the breast tissue. It occurs when abnormal cells in the breast divide uncontrollably and form tumours. The tumours are either a lump or a thickening of body tissue. According to cancer research UK, in 2012, there was 50,750 new cases of breast cancer in women and 353 new cases of breast cancer in men, in the UK. There was also 11,716 deaths from breast cancer. (http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-tRead MoreArticle Critique of Race and Ethnicity and Breast Cancer Outcomes in an Underinsured Population698 Words   |  3 PagesRace and Ethnicity and Breast Cancer Outcomes in an Underinsured Population (2010), Komeneka et al. retrospectively examined a group of uninsured and underinsured breast cancer patients in order to determine whether there were statistically significant differences in breast cancer survival rates between African-American and non-Hispanic white women of similar underinsured status. The authors determined that the previous literature concerning differences in breast cancer according to race did notRead MoreThe Survival Rates Of Breast Cancer1373 Words   |  6 Pages Breast Cancer is the most common misfortune in women and second leading cause of death by cancer. Today, woman with breast cancer have a 90% chance of surviving for five years post-diagnosis. However, African American women have a national survival rate of 79%. Socioeconomic barriers and lack of access to health services have crippled African American women in breast cancer advancements. Studies have show that African American women tend to be diagnosed with a higher-stage of cancer because ofRead MoreThe Biopsychosocial Perspective Of Breast Cancer.For The1156 Words   |  5 PagesBiopsychosocial Perspective of Breast Cancer For the majority of time, the biomedical model has been the main focus on many health factors and diseases, including cancer. Recently, psychologists have been able to prove the psychological and social components of disease. This has forced Doctors, who once relied solely on the biological factors of disease to take a more holistic approach. To help demonstrate the biopsychosocial model of cancer, I will be focusing on breast cancer and it’s risk factorsRead MoreBreast Cancer Diagnosis: The Psychosocial and Educational Needs1172 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are the psychosocial and educational needs of a breast cancer patient? In the United States, breast cancer is the most common form of cancer that women are diagnosed with (Stephens, Osowski, Fidale, Spagnoli, 2008). Those diagnosed tend to go through stages of fear, disbelief, shock, and sadness. â€Å"Nurses can improve the quality of care for women with breast cancer and their families by providing additional support services and post-treatment information during the initial education and follow-upRead More72 New Gene Mutation Essay1074 Words   |  5 PagesGenetic Mutations Linked to Hereditary Breast Cancer According to the National Cancer Institute, invasive breast cancer affects approximately 1 in 8 U.S. women, and about 5% to 10% of all breast cancers are hereditary. At present, most people are familiar with BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, which are inherited gene mutations—or abnormalities in the DNA sequencing—that increase the risk of developing breast cancer. According to statistics from the National Cancer Institute, by age 70, 55% to 65% ofRead MoreBreast Cancer : Cancer And Cancer1346 Words   |  6 Pagesinternational symbol for breast cancer support and awareness. Breast cancer knows neither racial boundaries nor age restrictions. Females of all ages and ethnicities can develop breast cancer and it is the leading most common cancer among women. Calling attention to this often fatal disease is important by supporting its victims, families and friends of victims, as well as raising funds for breast cancer research. Though males are not immune from developing a breast cancer, for the purposes of this

Albert J. Parkhouse Inventor of the First Coat Hanger

Today’s wire coat hanger was inspired by a clothes hook patented in 1869 by O. A. North of New Britain, Connecticut but it wasnt until 1903 that Albert J. Parkhouse, an employee of Timberlake Wire and Novelty Company in Jackson, Michigan, created the device that we now know as the coat hanger in response to co-workers’ complaints of too few coat hooks. He bent a piece of wire into two ovals with the ends twisted together to form a hook. Parkhouse patented his invention, but it is not known if he profited from it. In 1906, Meyer May, a mens clothier  of Grand Rapids, Michigan, became the first retailer to display his wares on his wishbone-inspired hangers. Some of these original hangers can be seen at the  Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Meyer May House in Grand Rapids. Schuyler C. Hulett received a patent in 1932 for an improvement which involved cardboard tubes screwed onto the upper and lower portions to prevent wrinkles in freshly laundered clothes. Three years later, Elmer D. Rogers created a hanger with a tube on the lower bar which is still used today. Thomas Jefferson  invented the early wooden coat hanger along with other inventions like the hideaway bed, the calendar clock, and the dumbwaiter. More About Albert Parkhouse Gary Mussell, great-grandson of Parkhouse, wrote this about his great-grandfather: Albert J. Parkhouse was a born tinkerer and inventor, his brother-in-law, Emmett Sargent, used to tell me when I was young. Albert was born in St. Thomas, Canada, just across the border from Detroit, Michigan, in 1879. His family migrated down to the town of Jackson when he was a boy, and it was there that he met and eventually married Emmetts older sister, Emma. Their daughter, Ruby, my grandmother, often told me he was quiet, modest, unassuming, and fun-loving to friends, but that Mom was really the boss in the family. Both Albert and Emma rose through the ranks to be leaders in the local Masons and Eastern Star organizations. John B. Timberlake founded Timberlake Sons, a small sole proprietorship, in 1880 and by the turn of the century he had managed to collect several dozen enterprising inventor-type employees such as Parkhouse who made wire novelties, lampshades, and other ubiquitous devices for their customer clients. If anything truly unique was developed by the individual employee, wrote Mussell, Timberlake applied for a patent on it, and the company reaped whatever fame and reward that followed. It should be noted that this is a traditional employer-employee relationship in American business, and it is especially prevalent in late 19th Century firms, and even practiced by such well-known inventors as Thomas Edison, George Eastman, and Henry Ford. Todays Coat Hangers Todays coat hangers are made of wood, wire, plastic, and rarely from rubber substances and other materials. Some are padded with fine materials such as  satin for expensive clothes. The soft, plush padding helps protect clothes from shoulder dents that wire hangers may make. A caped hanger is an inexpensive wire clothing hanger covered in paper. They are most often used by dry cleaners to protect clothes after cleaning.

Choice And Accountability Claims By Diane Ravitch

Santos 1 TO: Franklin McDuffy, California State Senator FROM: Onassis Santos, Education Policy Researcher at Senator McDuffy’s Office DATE: October 27, 2014 SUBJECT: Choice and Accountability claims by Diane Ravitch The purpose of this memo is to review and analyze the claims made by Diane Ravitch in her book, The Life and Death of the Great American School System, and to justly state if the authors claims are well-researched and based on facts or if her arguments and claims are biased and opinionated. More specifically, this memo will acknowledge the two central ideas of contemporary education reform today: choice and accountability. Advocates of school choice believe that it provides families with alternative options to choose their children’s education that works best for them while encouraging competition to better schools. However, opponents of school choice believe that it will erode the public school system until it is no more. Some argue that accountability is â€Å"the great cure† that will fix schools by testing and placing teachers accountable, this will encourage more effort and in turn promote student achievement. Others believe that too much accountability is the reas on why our schools are failing. Ravitch seems to see choice and accountability as the main obstacles standing in the way of a thriving American school system. After much careful research, I have come to two conclusions. First, choice is not remedy to make education better; all that choice does isShow MoreRelatedEssay on Standardized Testing a Failure in Education1335 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Public School system. Politicians claim that Accountability is needed. Dylan Wiliam wrote that â€Å"The logic of accountability is deceptively simple†(110) He goes on to say that â€Å"students attending higher quality schools will (by definition) have higher achievement than those attending lower quality schools, so that the differences in quality of schools will result in systematic differences in achievement between schools†(110). Yes indeed accountability is needed. It is needed for those who payRead MoreEducation Policy : Is It, Damned Lies, And Education2759 Words   |  12 Pagespurpose of this essay is to analyze what I have found in my research on how the relationship between school and society, and how it has changed in the United States across the Historical Eras. In this analysis, I relate the changing of reforms to Diane Ravitch’s book, The Death and Life of the Great American School System, along with some other resources used in the Education Policy class. Education can be traced back as far as the time of the pilgrims in America. In 1620 the well-known MayflowerRead MoreLeft Behind Education1542 Words   |  7 Pagescontributor to students becoming suppressed from receiving a proper preparation for college. In the article, â€Å"The Essentials of a Good Education†, the education expert Diane Ravitch argues that students are being scammed from their education and states that â€Å"the U.S. educational system has had an unhealthy focus on testing and accountability — unhealthy because it has driven public policy to concentrate on standardized tests of uneven quality at the expense of the more important goals of education† (112)Read MoreMy Educational Philosophy – A Work in Progress Essay1060 Words   |  5 Pagescommunity involvement (Schultz, 2005).    ​Renowned educational historian Diane Ravitch, speaks with a progressive tone in her book, â€Å"The Death and Life of the Great American School System.† Ravitch attests that today’s society needs to reflect upon the purpose of schooling and that â€Å"schools are responsible for shaping character, developing sound minds in healthy bodies†¦and forming citizens for our democracy...(2010).†   Ravitch claims that American public education needs to be preserved, â€Å"because it isRead MoreThe Current Educational System Of America1919 Words   |  8 Pagesof other political and social agendas. He utilizes a satirical style to address the Americans touched by our education system including, politicians, corporations, and the media alike. Because Moore utilizes little cited evidence to further his claims, compounded by the fact that over a decade has passed since it’s publication, we must examine other outside sources to determine if any credit able evidence exists to further his contentions. Additionally, this is a complex issue that possesses manyRead MoreThe Higher Education System or Lack Thereof Essay1941 Words   |  8 Pagesmore financial support for its citizens (or to control costs in some way). I would take it one step further. There needs to be accountability from a curriculum standpoint. Institutions that welcome students who are expected to struggle must have the resources available to them to help them succeed; and it must be more than window dressing. An institution can claim to be student-centered, but saying it doesn’t make it so. Too often student support services are the first to be cut and are oftenRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Thesis Essay8348 Words   |  34 Pages(Simpson et al.). In her article â€Å"Time to Kill ‘No Child Left Behind’,† Diane Ravitch (2009) explains the consequences if the NCLB requirements are not met: Schools that do not make progress toward the goal of 100% proficiency for every group are subject to increasingly, stringent sanctions. In their second year of failing to make â€Å"adequate yearly progress† for any group, failing schools have their students given the choice of leaving to enroll in a better public school. In the third year of aRead MoreReaction Paper on Waiting for Superman4504 Words   |  19 PagesThe Myth of Charter Schools by Diane Ravitch From The New York Review of Books—November 11, 2010 Waiting for â€Å"Superman† a film directed by Davis Guggenheim Anthony, a fifth-grade student hoping to win a spot at the SEED charter boarding school in Washington, D.C.; from Davis Guggenheim’s documentary Waiting for ‘Superman’ Ordinarily, documentaries about education attract little attention, and seldom, if ever, reach neighborhood movie theaters. Davis Guggenheim’s Waiting for â€Å"Superman†

Political Communication Essay Paper Example For Students

Political Communication Essay Paper Political CommunicationPolitics and the media have long been intimately involved with each other, with media strongly setting an agenda in which politics is very important. (Harris 1999,p.167) Our perceived reality of the real world is largely a product of the media. (Harris 1999,p.186) It is not known which is the bigger influence but there are definitely two sides to the story. Many studies have attempted to draw definative conclusions, but each yields different answers. Many say that the media has more of an impact on politics than does politics on the media. The two have always been natural adversaries. Skewering each other in print and in conversation, but generally enjoying each others company. (Forum)It is the role of the mass media to keep the general public informed and up to date with current news and events in their community, state, country, and around the world. In politics the media can either build or damage a political figure by changing the publics opinion. Many peop le depend heavily on television as their source of information where they see or hear about political issues, events, and policies. Because television is the single most powerful medium of global communication and nightly newscasts are the most frequently watched source of information for the public. (Forum) The mass media is everywhere we turn, from television sets, to airwaves, to print, and even the Internet. In the medias role, are they actually giving us the right message or is it a rumor, which you often see in tabloids in which it is created just to sell? 75% of the public believes that the top priority of the media is to find and report important information on public issues. Approximately 18% say that it is to give readers and viewers what they ask for. Less than 6% say that it should be for profit. (Forum) The Forum Magazine (September 1994) also discussed a survey done by Kees, a former executive editor of The Fresno Bee, and former chief of staff of the Republican Nation al Committee. The survey results found many accusations were made about the media. They were more interested in sensationalism than issue, they were political insiders who cant report fairly, they didnt understand the real issues facing the country, they underestimate the publics taste, and they conspire to disgrace politicians. On the other hand the survey also accused the politicians of wrongful doings. It was stated that they waste taxpayers money on perks, listen to consultants and not the public, listen to the public only when running for office, gain support by promising jobs, and become corrupt. In this situation both have been affected.The media frames many issues, which is the central organizing idea for making sense of relevant events, and suggesting what is at issue. News and information have no basic value unless implanted in a meaningful context, which organizes and provides it with logic. It shapes the way the public understands the cause and the solutions to political problems. (London) The Media also sets the agenda. Many believe that this works against the democratic process. They determine what people believe to be important issues. When the media focuses on a problem, the publics opinions on that problem then become altered. This is also true for the president. The president reacts by responding to changes in attention to the media. The media has a strong influence on the policy agenda of public officials. The publics familiarity with political matters is closely related to the amount and extent of their attention to certain issues received in the mass media. (Edwards 1999, p.328) From this one can say that the media does in fact have the winning hand. They may not be successful in telling us what to think, but they are successful in telling us what to think about. (London) Television coverage can affect many attitudes of the public on the importance of certain issues so it should be quite important to public officials to put those on their agenda. A prime example is in the War on terror and the medias view on how the president is dealing with it. The president is also said to be the agenda setter. No other single actor can focus attention as clearly, or change the motivations of such a great number of others, as the president. (Edwards 1999, p.327) Yet others believe that it is the way in which his overall agenda is presented to the public and that is done by the media. There is still argument for both sides but leaning more towards the media. Presidential elections, campaigns, and policies have always been important in the media and to the public. The media creates a political world that is the basis of the publics knowledge and the later behavior, such as voting for the president or any public official. The themes and issues that are repeated in the media become important to viewers. Those that are highlighted become especially influential when it comes to choosing a candidate. The media affects evaluations of presidents. Presidential approval is strongly influenced by how the media portrays the candidate to the public. For example, during the Gulf War, George Bush received bad publicity based on his performance with the war even though his prior economic performance was exceptional. (Edwards 1999, p329) The values in which people used to evaluate him on were influenced by what the media had to say. Particular televised political advertising, televised candidate events. And news articles also affect the preferences and opinions of the voters. Televised networks covered a lot about his campaign which possibly aided his election. This just goes to show that the media were wrong in conveying an appropriate understanding of the issues involved. Campaign information affects voters issue preferences, candidate evaluations, and the likelihood of voting. Exposure, reception, and acceptance all play a role in this gathering of campaign information and in the voter perception. Exposure involves one physical proximity to a message. Reception involves actually getting or taking in a message. Lastly acceptance inv olves allowing the information contained within the message to influence ones preference, opinion, or attitude. (Shaw 1999,p.347) The more campaign ads seen and the amount of campaigning covered also has a greater effect on the voter turnout and the information gathered about the candidates and the issues. For example, in the election for the New York mayor.The media brought up the fact that Bloomberg spent 69 million dollars on his campaign. Many people questioned if he should have been allowed that amount of money. Campaigns are used to prime the voters perceptions of politics and their candidate preferences. To a considerable degree the art of politics in a democracy is the art of determining which issue dimensions are of major interest to the public or can be made salient in order to win public support. (London )Many times the media often bring up the worst in a public official or candidate as seen by that of Gary Condit . They cover low salient issues that are irrelevant to eve ryday life and also overplay or cover the issue too much. Another example is with the Texas Governor, George W. Bush. The main issue on the medias mind was the rumor of his past cocaine use. They should have been covering his views on Social Security, HealthCare Reform, Russia , and the Middle-east. The media should be filling in to the publics knowledge the political issues at stake and who is likely to be the next president of the United States of America. (Kalb 1999) Coverage of a political event or campaign also plays a significant role in the eye of the public and also to the candidate. Candidates who do well will receive more attention from the news mediaactive candidates will receive more coverage. The greater the activity by a candidate, the more likely the candidate will receive more coverage. (Haynes 1998,p.420) News coverage and their input to the publics information on presidential campaigns are very critical in determining the outcome of the election. Elections are infl uenced by two factors. The first being the strength and political skills of the incumbent and the second being the interpretation of the incumbents performance by the mass media, particularly television. A study was taken during the 1996 presidential election race between Bill Clinton and Bob Dole. Clinton regained positive news coverage by the major television newscasts by battling with Dole over Medicare and the United States budget. This event was covered live by the media and displayed to the public in an encouraging manner in favor of Bill Clinton which in turn strengthened Clintons political image in the eye of the voters. Many news stories came about depicting Clinton as the strong incumbent and it proved successful with an easy victory over Dole in the 1996 election. (Dover 1998,p.47) As seen here the mass media coverage does structure voters opinions about their political leaders. Many domestic and foreign policy issues are affected by the media in which are brought to the politicians. These domestic issues consist of education, healthcare, poverty, and crime. The foreign policy issues at hand are the Russian relations, terrorism, and the Arab-Israeli conflict. Crime and terrorism has a high interest value among humans. Sensitive to contextual cues when they reason about national affairs. Their explanations of issues like terrorism or poverty are critically dependent upon the particular reference points furnished in media presentations. (Iyengar 1987,p.828) It is an important issue among the media because all people are concerned with there safety. It will be put on the agenda because there are strong incentives for the media and for the politicians, which are to gain mass appeal and to facing the public in elections. (Edwards 1999,p.341)There have also been an increasing number of women running for public office and gender has now become a common ground for the news media about certain voters, candidates, leaders, and issues. The question is whether or not the media advances or holds back womens participation in politics. Many news stories about politics tend to be presented in masculine terms, but there is good news, women receive about the same amount of news coverage as men in comparable positions. Over the years the number of women in the mass media has increased. There are many more women journalists, which has resulted in expanded coverage of womens issues and women as public officials. By publicizing and raising certain issues, this has helped women candidates gain credibility and support among voters. (Pippa 19-41)The Media Dependency Theory is very important to think about when it comes to political communication. The three main aspect of the theory are the Social system, Media system, and the Audience. The three lead up to and produce the last aspect which is the Effect or what the final product. The social system, which is the government, has goals that have to be met and they are publicity and support. There resour ces are public funds and legislation. The media system, which is television, newspaper, radio, etc., also has goals which are to make money through the public. Their resources consist of gathering information and dispersing it to the public. The audience is the public like you and me. Our goals are to acquire news, entertainment, and education. Our resources are money and notes. All of these are dependent upon one another through each of their goals and resources. They all affect one another, but some more than others. Each one needs the other in order to create the Effect. Due to our democratic government and free speech the media can basically due almost anything they want as long as it abides by the FCC. The FCC is the governments approach to regulate the media. They censor what is broadcast on television and over the radio. Under the president and the senate, five commissioners are appointed to the job. The amount that can be regulated is minimal.In Summary, the media has a huge and particular impact on society and politics. The media does much to set the policy agenda and influence how the public and those in political office understand it. Politicians not only use the media to influence us viewers, but are themselves influenced by it. The media affects our every day ways of thinking, our intentions, and our norms. What they see as important, we do also. Therefore in my opinion, the news media sets the agenda for what is important.References Dover, E. (1998). The presidential election of 1996: Clintons incumbency and television. Westport, CT: Praeger. Organizational Behavior Trends Essay Edwards, G. (1999, June). Who influences whom? The president , congress, and the media. American Political Science Review. 93. 327-342. Harris, R. (1999). A cognitive psychology of mass communication. Makwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Haynes, A. Murray, S. (1998, October). 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